◄ SALESDAMUS

Forecasting glossary

Every term Salesdamus uses, in plain English. No PhD required.

Forecast horizon
How many periods into the future you project. Accuracy and confidence degrade the further out you go.
OLS regression
Ordinary least squares — fits a line by minimizing the sum of squared residuals. The basis of the linear-trend forecast.
Holt-Winters
An exponential-smoothing method that models level, trend and seasonality together. Best for data with a repeating cycle.
Seasonality
A pattern that repeats over a fixed period (e.g. 12 months). Captured by the seasonal model, ignored by a plain trend.
Bayesian shrinkage
Pulling an estimate toward a prior (here, the long-run mean) to stabilize forecasts when data is scarce.
Confidence interval (95%)
A range that should contain the true value about 95% of the time. Salesdamus shows it for every forecast.
Prediction interval
The plausible range for a future observation. It widens with the horizon because uncertainty compounds.
Bootstrap
Resampling the model's residuals many times to estimate how much a forecast could vary — no distribution assumed.
Monte Carlo simulation
Drawing many random samples from a forecast's distribution to map out its range of outcomes.
Backtest
Hiding recent periods, forecasting them, and measuring the error — how Salesdamus picks the best model.
R² (R-squared)
The share of variance in the data explained by the model. 1.0 is perfect; near 0 means little explanatory power.
MAPE
Mean absolute percentage error — the average size of the forecast error as a percentage. Lower is better.
p-value
The probability the observed trend could appear by chance. Below 0.05 is the usual bar for 'statistically significant'.
Residual
The gap between an actual value and the model's fitted value. Small, patternless residuals signal a good fit.

→ Read how these methods work